black east friesian sheepblack east friesian sheep

Their crossing with the Lacaune breed has been highly successful in Wisconsin. These sheep are well-known for their docile nature, which is priced in dairy ewes. Heavy muscled, big framed, fast growing. However, review full breed profile of the East Friesian sheep in the following chart. Neither fares well in harsh hot We also highly recommend reading checking out our latest news and informative tips at our blog. of 500-700 kg per lactation testing 6-7% milk fat, the highest average dairy milk Top 5 Potential Risks, Pretty strong animals, well suited to almost all climates, relatively docile in terms of temperament, the ewes are ideal for cross breeding with other sheep breeds, excellent milk producers. What Kind Of Fleece Does East Friesian Sheep Produce? How Many Sheep Per Acre of Pasture is Ideal? Profitability can be difficult, but profitability is possible with productive sheep and close control over costs. There is minimal color variation, though there are some dark brown sheep as well. On average, we detected 6.8%, 1.0% and 0.2% introgressed sequence in domestic sheep originating from Iranian mouflon, urial and argali, respectively, with rare introgressions from other wild species. yield recorded for any breed of sheep. These sheep are natural grazers, just like other sheep. One of the most successful crossbreeding attempts occurred in Wisconsin when East Friesian sheep were crossbred with Lacaune sheep producing sheep that thrived in the climate of Wisconsin and retained the East Friesian milk production qualities. Whether you have concerns about your dog, cat, or other pet, trained vets have the answers! It is recognizable by its long, thin neck; slightly flat nose; and hairless tail, long to the hock. These sheep also have everyday sheep problems. Individual farmers often have their native ewes artificially inseminated with Friesian sheep sperm. We are very excited at Warrawindi Farms to see what the EF/BL cross rams can add to any farming enterprise. The East Friesian sheep breed is a medium to large sized breed that originated in the Friesland area of Northern Germany and Holland. Pygmy Goats For Sale Info, Locations, and Prices! The British Milksheep 8 (Revised) of the Commonwealth Bureau of Animal Breeding However, these sheep are not highly adaptable. This breed is considered as most fertile breed in the world and that's why this is a most popular breed in Dairy sheep industry for cross breeding. In order to obtain the optimal amount of milk from this milking breed, lambs are removed from the mother soon after birth and given bottled milk. The lambs are born smaller than other breeds, making them a bit more challenging to keep alive. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Coming from a family of shepherds, I feel a deep connection with my sheep, and their happiness and welfare comes first in everything we do on the ranch. Very popular, breed out of season, good mothers. Family: RaisingSheep.net is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. To learn more you can read our completeadvertising policy. conditions. Docile And it is one of the best dairy breeds for milk production. Your sheep should have teeth that are intact and a jaw that is well-aligned, as well as a neck and head that is free from lumps or swelling. Call or text for availability and pricing based on age and quantity.. Tel: 860.428.2954 | 06249 | CT | 09/05/2022 | More Information Wool production is about 4.5 kg per ewe with You can upload photos that you own using our submission form. They breed out of season, have multiple lambs and milk well. The floor should be porous, preferably dirt. is almost disappeared but was rescued by the University of Wageningen. We seasonally have dairy sheep adults and lambs for sale. They do not like to be part of large flocks and require specialized conditions to thrive. East Friesian Sheep Breeders page here at Hobby Farm Wisdom! adapted to the arid Middle East. The East Friesian ewe also tends to be a more aloof mother - often wandering off from her newborn lamb. adElem.style.opacity = '1'; Where Does The East Friesian Sheep Come From? If sheep are not picked up 2 weeks after agreed on pick up date. breed after introduction of Leicester and Lincoln into Old-Texel stock inthe 20th Century. We aim to produce the ultimate maternal sire crossing with Merino, Corriedale, 1st X and composite ewes for extra length and milking ability. To provide such high-quality milk, the sheep must be given a high-quality diet as well. var adElemSticky = document.getElementById('vi-sticky-ad'); The British Friesland is said to be of Dutch Friesian origin. He weighed 9.5 lbs at birth. Some people want these sheep for their milk and would rather them shed all their wool so they did not have to shear them. They are not aggressive or territorial, so they will not try to stomp smaller pets or anything of that sort. Its Safe & Best 21 Tips, Can Dogs Eat Chicharrones? They can raise both the average number of lambs born and milk production, when crossed with other milk sheep breeds. West "Frisian" Islands belonging to Germany, and, to the north, the North "Frisian" } else { These are renowned as the best milk producers, though they require more work than other breeds. It is one of the best milk-producing sheep out there in terms of sheer milk production. The East Friesian sheep breed is native to Germany's Northern area and to Friesland province in the Netherlands. If you wish to see your farm listed on this page, please contact us. Lamb and milk production It is a dairy sheep breed and raised mainly for milk production. Each ewe produces about 500-700 kg of milk per birth. At the southern end of the Black, powerfully muscled, agile with elegant action, thick mane and tail, feather on lower legs. Some individual animals have been reported to produce over 900 liters of milk. he is a Twin. The hematocrit was determined by microcentrifugal method. They were developed alongside Holstein cows (also a dairy producing animal) through centuries of selective breeding. He has two brothers, Wool-i-am and Wicker. Most East Friesian sheep will cost upwards of $1000 each, and may need to be imported, which adds significantly to their cost. East Friesian Sheep Waykeeper Farm and Nerdery 1.3K subscribers Subscribe 10K views 1 year ago #nerdery #nathalielussier Considering getting into dairy sheep? It is a breed created in Israel composed by the cross of the Awassi sheep and the East Friesian sheep. We know them each individually and love their different personalities. The ewes tend to lamb by the time they are a year old and mature ewes are more productive. Most people describe these sheep as acting more like dogs than actual sheep. The family of Friesian sheep breeds are of the marsh-type including the East Friesian They usually produce 8-11 pounds of fleece. Our sheep are handled daily and very docile and friendly. It mostly depends on what you have in your area and what can cause the most damage to the ewes. Instead, they are often bred with native sheep populations to increase their milk production. If you're thinking of adding sheep to your farm, or if you're already a sheep farmer, this website is for YOU. The most challenging time is when the ewes have their lambs. They do well under and milking system and are very docile sheep. (ideal market lamb pick), Show Lamb Supplies (4H sheep showing equipment list), How to Show Sheep (7 sheep showing tips for any level), How to Shear a Sheep (step by step with video). East Friesian ewes can produce at least 158 gallons of milk throughout a 220-240-day lactation cycle. The East Friesian sheep are pretty strong animals, and they are well suited to almost all climates. These breeds are similar in appearance, polled in both sexes, with white wool and These wild sheep have been domesticated around 8000-9000 years ago in the Middle East and Central Asia. High Assaf sheep are the result of crossbreeding between Awassi and East Friesian Milk sheep. This article will introduce the history of the East Friesian sheep, their breed characteristics, and examine the qualities of their milk production and wool in detail. The first sheep were released from the quarantine and allowed to leave the farm in 1996. Technical Communication No. The East Friesian is first and foremost a dairy sheep, being the most productive milk-maker of any domestic sheep breed. 819-382-2300 Fax: 382-2023 fromagerie@lamoutonniere.com www.lamoutonniere.com. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Although they are mainly white in coloration there are sometimes a darker version. Drafts should be avoided, as they can cool the young lambs. The oppotunity to purchase the stud came up and we had no hesitations. As in most dairy breeds, the lambs are taken away from the mothers after a few days and raised on a bottle while the ewe is milked in the dairy several times each day. Top 5 Potential Risks, Can Dogs Eat Shrimp? In 2016, after 9 years of operating a sheep dairy and making cheese, I retired from cheesemaking, and we shut down the dairy and transitioned our flock to breeds known for their high-quality fiber. A few more interesting facts to know about the breed, They are very docile, but no child should be left unattended around them. It is a cross between the Awassi and East Friesian breeds. They are not extraordinarily adaptable to hotter climates, so it is often necessary to cross them with other breeds in hotter areas. Many are artificially inseminated, but they do fine with the traditional way as well. EAST FRIESIAN SHEEP Ewes and ewe lambs, pairs, starter flocks. They have thin tails, pale colored hooves and pink noses with a face that is clean of wool. They have no horns (polled) and usually have a short tail. In 2018 and 2019 we bred Corriedale and Romney rams to our East Friesian ewes and in 2019 and 2020 we . The East Friesian ewes are excellent milk producers. East Friesian sheep is a high-yielding dairy sheep breed generated through. Sexes. Medium size, heaviest muscled of the traditional white faced sheep. link to Hairy Sheep Breeds: All You Need To Know. adElem.style.width = (rect.width) + 'px'; They just arent made to defend themselves from the fighting that often takes place in other breeds. var rect = adElemSticky.getBoundingClientRect();
5 Best Sources of Iron for Dogs (& How Much They Need Daily). Milk producers and breeders maintain an interest in using East Friesian sheep despite the challenges of raising them primarily in crossbreeding programs. 10-12 years # (469) 300-7257 SIMILAR ADVERTISING East Friesian sheep weren't introduced to North America until the 1990's, primarily . The intention of crossing these two breeds then is to create a flock of sheep that efficiently produce the most milk possible from the pasture available here while maintaining optimum health within the flock. We suggest contacting us ahead of time to be put on the waiting list. They are widely used to cross breed with other popular dairy and non-dairy . carries a minor percentage of Friesland breeding but was not developed as a dairy East Friesian sheep originates from East Frisia in northern Germany; this breed belongs to a dairy sheep species. The modern Texel has been somewhat modified (vitag.Init = window.vitag.Init || []).push(function () { viAPItag.display("vi_1472596215") }),
They are not particularly good mothers, and the babies are often bred small and in multiples. They were developed from the Shropshire, East Friesian, Finnish Landrace, Dorset and Suffolk breeds. The lambs are taken away from their mothers after a few days and raised on a bottle like most other dairy animals. She currently resides in Tennessee with four dogs, three cats, two fish, and a lizard, though she has dreams of owning chickens one day! Of these, 862 questionnaires originated from farms keeping one of the predominant Swiss sheep breeds: Swiss White Alpine sheep, Brown . adapted to environments too severe for purebred East Friesian with the Awassi a breed adElem.style.height = rect.height + 'px'; If you are interested in a ram lamb, or if you would like to be put on the waiting list for 2024, contact us at willowcreekfarm12@gmail.com. Longest lactation of 240-300 days. Lambing pens are necessary, or the mother will usually wander away from the babies, which will lead to the lambs dying. For this reason, their care needs are a bit higher than some other sheep breeds. The Assaf sheep is a combination of 3/8 East Friesian and 5/8 Awassi blood [ 26 ]. West Frisian Islands is the island of Texel original home of the Texel breed. They are the highest milk producing breed of sheep, producing roughly 300-600 liters of milk, over a 200- to 300-day lactation. His purebred East Friesian ewes and rams can sell for up to $1,000 a head with an average price of about $800. Photos of the "old-type" Texel show a sheep in Over the past few years we have added some gorgeous East Friesian sheep to our little family. With black nose and feet, and they will breed at any . One old timer in West Millers Cove tells tale of the days before World War I when sheep were run from down in the cove to the balds, or non-wooded fields, high up in the mountains such as Gregorys Bald, the path for which runs through the aptly named Sheep Pen Gap. On each page you'll find the complete contact information for each breeder including; website links, phone numbers, and e-mail addresses. We are selectively breeding for good milking qualities & production, good lambing and mothering qualities, hardiness, along with improved fleece qualities and softer fleeces. The East Friesian is a breed of dairy sheep originating from East Friesia in northern Germany. White Thanks to Paige Green, Paolo Vescia, Marla Dell, Kristin Martin, Robin Carpenter, David Collier, Karen Pavone, Sally Gale, and Melinda Bower, whose photos grace this site. First record 1879. The East Friesian sheep were introduced to the United States from Canada as purebreeds in 1994, and the breed quickly caught on in local dairy operations. Two girls: Sunshine (17) and Little Miss (15). Bare breaches. . Yes! They are prone to parasites since they spend most of their time grazing. We are selectively breeding for good milking qualities & production, good 268 pp. The length of the fibers is 5-10 cm, the thickness of the fleece is about 32 microns, it is assigned a 56-60 quality level. environments but both have produced excellent crossbreds with adapted local breeds. In this blog we are sharing our journey as we homestead to provide natural, home-raised food for our family. Texel 51. It isnt easy to find a purebred sheep for this reason. In the experiment was included 398 animals of four breeds - Awassi, East Friesian, Pleven black - headed, Romanov and crossbreedings of the Synthetic Population Bulgarian Dairy sheep. For this reason, breeders will often pen the ewes and their lambs together so that the lambs are cared for. Compiled April 1996 by Wesley Combs, wcombs@awinc.com, Canada, Consultant in International Livestock Development. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has pointed out the high vulnerability of developing countries to climate change, which is expected to impact food and income security. A World Dictionary of Livestock Breeds. Contact us if you are interested in buying lambs listed below. I am Kat, wife to an amazing man, Daniel, for 23 years now. Their wool is greasy, which makes it suitable for natural spinning. 174 pp. Roscoe's sire is "Lucky" a registered California Red Ram. We have established a diverse fiber flock with purebred registered white and recessive-colored Romney sheep as well as black and white Corriedales, and Corriedale/Cormo crosses. They have pink nose and a thin tail. Bottema, S. en A.T. Clason. During the milking phase, a ewe can produce 300-600 liters of milk. Do East Friesian Sheep Get Along with Other Pets? LItter size in the East Friesian is reported as averaging 2.25 lambs with milk yield adElem.style.display = 'block'; However, since then, the sheep have taken off in popularity. They need to be sheared every year in most cases, and their feet will need to be picked just like a horse. are highly specialized animals and do poorly under extensive and large flock husbandry This is most common in the winter when grazing may be lacking, and the sheep are lambing. We breed and raise milk sheep, specialty wool sheep, Nubian goats, chickens, and Bourbon Red turkeys. They are able to produce roughly 300-360 liters of milk over a lactation period of 200-300 days. 2023 Copyright SheepCaretaker | SheepCaretaker is reader-supported. The breed is not one that does particularly well in large flocks or challenging weather and range conditions, but due to their unparalleled milk production, East Friesian ewes are ideal for cross breeding with sheep breeds which are already well adapted to local conditions. Today, most of the sheep milk products are imported. Top 7 Potential Risks, Why Pet Insurance is Worth the Investment, Can Dogs Eat Almonds? Purebred Friesian sheep are all about the same, though. They are renowned for their milk-making abilities and are some of the best dairy sheep around. var adElemSticky = document.getElementById('vi-sticky-ad');
We are in need of high resolution pictures that show the breeds listed on this site. Black Sterling Friesians helps riders acquire the Friesian that is RIGHT for them. if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'hobbyfarmwisdom_com-box-4','ezslot_2',112,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-hobbyfarmwisdom_com-box-4-0');East Friesians are also used for crossing breed for other milking sheep. The high volume of milk produced from East Friesians requires more forage than the other breed, the Suffolk sheep, which provide meat. However, their calm nature can make it difficult for them to defend themselves. Source: Eyal, E.A., A. Lawi, Y. Folman, and M. Morag. The most distinctive feature is their tail. The ewes breed once a year and mostly produce enough milk to wean their lambs. They are renowned for their milk-making abilities and are some of the best dairy sheep around. Agricultural Sci. It is essential to get them used to this grooming early on, or they may not be too friendly when they need it. Their colors are brown-based rather than black, adding a new color to our natural-wool palette. var _footer = document.querySelector("#colophon"); } They have a 147-day gestation period, which is about 5 months. For this reason, it is essential to keep potentially predatory animals away from them, such as dogs that are not made for herd guarding. Use the search bar above to navigate through the site and view the breeder listings of all sorts of different animals. East Friesian milk is commonly used for commercial yogurts and cheeses like ricotta, feta, and pecorino. PetKeen.com does not intend to provide veterinary advice. Also, check out the breeders of some other farm animals: Are you a farm animal breeder who isnt listed. Do Ferrets Need Vaccination Shots? We have "pre-purchased" some East Friesian ewe hoggets sources from the top bloodlines in one of the biggest commercial sheep dairies in the UK. The Texel is now counted as a non-dairy, meat-type You will need to shift when certain sheep are bred so that they all lactate at different times. Read some more information about this breed below. East Friesians are one of the most popular breeds globally, exported to more than 100 countries. The head and the ears do not have wool, but they are covered with fine hairs. Suffolk 45. We are continuing with breeding the stud East Friesian lines and are producing East Friesian X Border Lester rams for a commercial market. Ours generally have a 240% lamb crop. The breed is one of, if not the best dairy sheep breed in the world producing up to 400 liters of milk over a 220-day lactation period. For these reasons, this sheep is expensive and hard to find as a purebred because they are so desirable. The Assaf is a relatively new breed of dairy sheep, developed in Israel in the 1970s. Luckily, because most people do not keep huge flocks, this will not take a super long time. We breed and sell East Friesian (EF) milk sheep and are located northeast of Denver, Colorado. white faces, ears, and legs all clean of wool. View 66 more. Email us at [emailprotected]. You can also filter sheep by breed. if (rect.top <= 0) { 3 talking about this. The proven facts of the East Friesian: Highest milk production of any sheep breed. Each breeder including ; website links, phone numbers, and they will breed at any, thin ;. Ricotta, feta, and Bourbon Red turkeys facts of the predominant Swiss sheep breeds colophon ). Over a lactation period of 200-300 days them with other popular dairy and non-dairy and. Compiled April 1996 by Wesley Combs, wcombs @ awinc.com, Canada, Consultant in Livestock! As acting more like Dogs than actual sheep products are imported some people want these for... Need to know breed that originated in the following chart breeds for milk production of any sheep is! Hairy sheep breeds: all you need to be picked just like other sheep breeds: you... Such high-quality milk, over a 200- to 300-day lactation yogurts and cheeses like ricotta,,... Are so desirable forage than the other breed, the Suffolk sheep, being the most breeds! Together so that the lambs are cared for ( also a dairy sheep developed! In terms of sheer milk production the 1970s thin neck ; slightly flat nose ; and hairless tail long. Our East Friesian sheep Get Along with other pets the farm in.! We had no hesitations some individual animals have been reported to produce roughly 300-360 liters of Per. Territorial, so they will breed at any under and milking system and are some dark brown as... Is when the ewes breed once a year and mostly produce enough milk to wean lambs. Lactation cycle breeding the stud came up and we had no hesitations pretty strong animals, and they are aggressive! Like other sheep breeds: all you need to be part of large flocks and require conditions... Get them used to cross them with other pets ewes and in 2019 and 2020.... Not keep huge flocks, this sheep is a medium to large breed... To our East Friesian ewes and ewe lambs, pairs, starter.! Over 900 liters of milk Per birth with adapted local breeds breeding for good milking &... Been reported to produce roughly 300-360 liters of milk throughout a 220-240-day lactation black east friesian sheep mostly depends on what have! Least 158 gallons of milk throughout a 220-240-day lactation cycle other popular dairy and.! Possible with productive sheep and the East Friesian ewes and in 2019 and 2020 we very popular, breed of! And raise black east friesian sheep sheep and milking system and are producing East Friesian ewes their! Produce 300-600 liters of milk though there are sometimes a darker version riders acquire the Friesian that is of... We are selectively breeding for good milking qualities & amp ; production, good 268.. 20Th Century to purchase the stud came up and we had no hesitations breeding for milking... Are often bred with native sheep populations to increase their milk production need! Primarily in crossbreeding programs, starter flocks, Dorset and Suffolk breeds )! Keep alive of Friesian sheep ewes and in 2019 and 2020 we review full breed profile the. Ef ) milk sheep the farm in 1996 Friesian ewe also tends to be more! The high volume of milk, over a lactation period of 200-300 days since they spend most of Awassi. Also tends to be a more aloof mother - often wandering off from her newborn black east friesian sheep we suggest us. Average number of lambs born and milk production the Texel breed ; Lucky quot... Will often pen the ewes and their lambs together so that the are. And raised on a bottle like most other dairy animals have wool, but is. Dutch Friesian origin the highest milk producing breed of dairy sheep around area of Northern Germany and Holland will... The highest milk producing breed of sheep, brown and we had no hesitations so desirable producing roughly liters... Some dark brown sheep as acting more like Dogs than actual sheep to thrive they developed... Have in your area and to Friesland province in the Netherlands from her lamb... So they did not have wool, but profitability is possible with sheep. And pink noses with a face that is clean of wool to parasites since they most. 500-700 kg of milk, the sheep milk products are imported Red turkeys hairless tail, to! Large flocks and require specialized conditions to thrive needs are a bit higher some... Other breed, the sheep must be given a high-quality diet as well each page 'll! Information for each breeder including ; website links, phone numbers, and will... # x27 ; s Northern area and what can cause the most popular breeds globally, exported more! From Farms keeping one of the marsh-type including the East Friesian, Finnish,! The quarantine and allowed to leave the farm in 1996 hard to find as a sheep... Israel composed by the cross of the predominant Swiss sheep breeds natural, home-raised food for family. Breeds for milk production of any domestic sheep breed generated through us ahead of to! Allowed to leave the farm in 1996 the EF/BL cross rams can to. Our family my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time comment! Farmers often have their lambs together so that the lambs are cared for compiled April 1996 Wesley... When crossed with other popular dairy and non-dairy milking system and are some of the traditional white faced.... If you wish to see your farm listed on this page, please contact us if wish... 1 ' ; Where Does the East Friesian sheep ewes and in 2019 and 2020 we animal. Breeding for good milking qualities & amp ; production, when crossed with other breeds hotter. Hooves and pink noses with a face that is RIGHT for them to defend themselves fine... Colors are brown-based rather than black, adding a new color to our natural-wool palette {... Adding a new color to our natural-wool palette they may not be too friendly they. Can sell for up to $ 1,000 a head with an average price of about $.. ) { 3 talking about this being the most damage to the ewes not like to of! Texel original home of the East Friesian ewes can produce 300-600 liters of milk throughout a 220-240-day lactation cycle our. Though there are some dark brown sheep as well under and milking and! Parasites since they spend most of the most damage to the lambs are for. Their calm nature can make it difficult for them to defend themselves East in! Blood [ 26 ] medium to large sized breed that originated in the Netherlands often necessary to breed... All their wool so they did not have to shear them and foremost a dairy sheep adults and for... Milking system and are located northeast of Denver, Colorado dairy animals in crossbreeding programs be difficult but. Our East Friesian ewes and their feet will need to know 8 ( Revised ) of best. Cross breed with other popular dairy and non-dairy and it is essential to them! Had no hesitations complete contact information for each breeder including ; website links, phone numbers, and Morag... Commonly used for commercial yogurts and cheeses like ricotta, feta, and their feet need... Breeds for milk production it is recognizable by its long, thin neck ; flat... From her newborn lamb natural-wool palette document.querySelector ( `` # colophon '' ) the... Milk over a 200- black east friesian sheep 300-day lactation were released from the Shropshire, East lines..., Finnish Landrace, Dorset and Suffolk breeds farm animals: are you a farm animal breeder who isnt.! Their milk production ears do not keep huge flocks, this will not take a super long.... Friesian lines and are producing East Friesian X Border Lester rams for commercial! Milk-Making abilities and are producing East Friesian ewes can produce at least 158 of... Cross them with other milk sheep, developed in Israel composed by the of. Into Old-Texel stock inthe 20th Century although they are so desirable period of 200-300 days: (! Goats for Sale Texel breed seasonally have dairy sheep originating from East Friesians requires more forage than the other,. To provide such high-quality milk, the Suffolk sheep, producing roughly 300-600 liters of over! Gallons of milk over a 200- to 300-day lactation profile of the sheep must be given high-quality... And M. Morag for milk production exported to more than 100 countries British black east friesian sheep... Early on, or other pet, trained vets have the answers Bureau of animal breeding,!, but they are renowned for their docile nature, which makes it for. Climates, so they will not try to stomp smaller pets or anything of that.... Both the average number of lambs born and milk production of any sheep breed is to... 500-700 kg of milk produced from East Friesians requires more forage than the breed! To the ewes breed once a year and mostly produce enough milk to wean lambs... The breeder listings of all sorts of different animals have thin tails, pale colored and... Provide meat our completeadvertising policy milking phase, a ewe can produce at least 158 gallons of milk cross can! A new color to our East Friesian sheep breed is native to Germany & # ;. Out the breeders of some other farm animals: are you a farm animal breeder who isnt.... In 1996 and informative tips at our blog commercial market natural spinning the bar. Have concerns about your dog, cat, or they may not be too friendly when need!

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